Afghan army officials say their troops have killed 32 insurgents in the western region of the country.
Officials say four Afghan soldiers were killed and at least three other soldiers were wounded Sunday in the fighting in Badghis province.
In southern Afghanistan Sunday, a NATO service member was killed in an insurgent attack.
A limited withdrawal of foreign troops is expected to begin in July, ahead of a planned transition of responsibility to Afghan security forces due to be completed by the end of 2014.
Some information for this report was provided by AP, AFP and Reuters.
Iraqi police say a suicide bomber has killed five people and wounded at least 15 in the southern city of Basra, a burgeoning oil-industry hub.
Authorities said the bomber tried to drive onto the grounds of a police compound. When his car was blocked, the bomber blew up the car.
At least three of the dead were reported to be policemen.
On Saturday, two apparently coordinated car bombings killed six people in the northern Iraqi city of Mosul.
Police and medical officials said the blasts took place on a busy street near government buildings. They say the explosions wounded at least 55 people.
Also, government officials said gunmen stormed the home of a school teacher in a village near Tikrit - a city about 130 kilometers north of Baghdad - killing the teacher and four family members, including three children.
There were no immediate claims of responsibility for either incident.
Violence in Iraq is down sharply from its peak in 2006 and 2007. However, a new spate of attacks has raised concerns about a possible increase in violence as the U.S. prepares to withdraw its forces at the end of the year.
Some information for this report was provided by AP, AFP and Reuters.
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Syrian Army units have reportedly broken through the defenses of the restive, but mostly deserted, northern town of Jisr al Shaghour, after intense shelling by tanks and field artillery. Meanwhile in Libya, rebel fighters have reportedly stepped up their pressure on supply lines into the capital Tripoli.
Syrian tanks have captured parts of the rebellious northern town of Jisr Shaghour, amid reports of heavy fighting in certain quarters of town. Government TV claims army units had defused explosives from roads and bridges planted by "armed gangs" and "cleared gunmen from the town hospital."
A rebel army officer holed up inside the town, Hussein Harmoush, told al Jazeera TV that none of the men fighting along side him had surrendered. He claimed his men had laid booby-traps to "delay the entry of army forces into the town and to allow civilians to escape."
Video and eyewitness reports say Syrian government attack helicopters were used extensively in operations around Jisr al Shaghour for a third consecutive day. A number of witnesses reported the helicopters fired on fleeing civilians.
A Syrian human-rights activist told al Arabiya TV that 10,000 Syrian soldiers had been deployed in the region of Idlib, where Jisr al Shaghour is located, to try to put down the burgeoning popular rebellion. Thousands of civilians have fled to nearby Turkey in recent days.
A video on Facebook showed a group of young men, overnight, trying to block a Syrian army convoy made up of tanks and supply trucks in the region of Idlib. Syrian government media said the convoy had been "attacked" and that one man was killed.
Syrian TV also claimed that a mass grave was discovered in the region of Idlib, containing the bodies of security forces killed by "rebel gangs." It was impossible to verify the claim, since most foreign correspondents are not being allowed into the country.
A newly released video on Facebook showed pro-government militiamen kicking and stomping on several dozen captives, lying face down on the ground with their hands tied behind their backs. The militiamen could be heard mocking their captives, calling them "animals."
Groups of mostly young protesters also demonstrated against the government overnight in provincial towns, as well as Damascus suburbs, including Saqba, Hassaka, Douma, Qaboun and Midan. A Syrian opposition website is calling for ongoing nightly protests against the government.
Al-Arabiya TV also reported a tribal leader from eastern Syria, Sheikh Nawaf al Bashir has accused Lebanon's Hezbollah of attacking protesters during Friday demonstrations. Several Lebanese political leaders who oppose Syria have made similar recent claims.
German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle denounced the Syrian government crackdown in Jisr al Shaghour, demanding that Damascus "stop the violence immediately." The White House also accused Syria of creating a humanitarian crisis, Saturday, calling for Damascus to allow the International Committee of the Red Cross "immediate, unfettered access" to the region.
In Libya, al-Arabiya TV reported that rebel fighters had gained control of parts of the coastal town of Zawiya, cutting off traffic along the coastal highway to Tripoli. Fuel and other supplies are running short in the capital, amid reports of popular discontent.
Rebels fighters also battled pro-Gadhafi forces in the strategic oasis town of Sabha, before being beaten back. Sabha is a key government stronghold along supply routes to southern Libya. Pro-Gadhafi forces also pounded rebels with field artillery in the western mountain town of Zintan.
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As Syrian security forces move in to the besieged town of Jisr al-Shughour, thousands of refugees are fleeing across the Turkish border. More camps are being set up to house the new arrivals. Many of the refugees are in desperate need of medical help.
The emergency ward at Antakya hospital is about to receive its latest casualty from Syria. It is a young girl who has fallen sick and was brought to the Turkish border by her desperate mother, who is also pregnant.
The ambulance driver says the violence in Syria means hospitals there are either full with the injured, or the journey is too hazardous.
The clashes in and around the northern Syrian town of Jisr al-Shughour have forced thousands to flee. Many of them have recorded the horrifying scenes on cellphones and cameras.
In the border village of Harabjoz, people have set up tents as they wait to cross into Turkey. One refugee, who did not give his name, described the conditions they are facing. "There is no milk for the children," he says. "We bought some but we have run out. They are targeting homes and yesterday gunmen targeted us. All these people will not survive because they burned all their crops," he says. "Now it's become sectarian for sure," he said.
A spokesman for the United Nations' refugee agency, Metin Corabatir, has warned of a growing crisis. "The latest figures UNHCR received from the border is 5051 who fled from Syria because of violence and persecution in this country," he said.
Witnesses believe the true figure could be double that number - including those who have crossed undetected.
The refugees are taken to camps like the one in the town of Yayladagi. It's housed in a disused tobacco factory - and heavily protected.
As we tried to speak to refugees through the fence, police quickly stepped in our way. At the entrance, we found Turkish families trying to get inside to see their Syrian relatives. The Turkish authorities refuse to let them enter.
Yasar Selcuk is trying to see his nephews. "My relatives are from the villages around Latakia," he said. "These are poor unarmed people, they are not armed people who would do anything against the government, they are mostly women, children and old people."
Turkey has warned it may need international help to deal with the refugee crisis. As more and more Syrians flee their country, a fuller picture is slowly emerging of the violent chaos its people are facing.
Watch a related report by Henry Ridgwell:
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The Turkey's ruling Justice and Development Party has been reelected for an unprecedented third consecutive term. The party increased its votes securing just over 50% of the ballots cast. But the prime minister fell well short of his goal of a two-thirds parliamentary majority.
Supporters of the Justice and Development party began their celebration early. As soon as results started to come through, it was clear the Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan was set for a big victory. His party, campaigning on a booming economy, secured just over 50% of the vote, an improvement on its 2007 landslide victory. Mr. Erdogan, addressing his supporters at his party headquarters in Ankara, reached out to the whole country.
He said "This is a victory for Turkey. This is a victory for democracy, for stability, for peace. This is a victory for all our 74 million people."
But the success, observers say, will be a little bittersweet. The prime minister fell more than 40 seats short of his declared goal of a two-thirds parliamentary majority, which is needed to replace the 1982 constitution, written by Turkey's then military rulers. A new constitution was a key electoral pledge. But there was growing concern both in and outside Turkey that if Mr. Erdogan achieved that goal, he would have had too much power. Mr. Erdogan even failed to secure the 330 seats needed to submit constitutional reforms to a referendum.
Mr. Erdogan did not realize his goal largely because candidates supported by the pro-Kurdish Peace and Democracy party defeated candidates from the prime minister's party. The pro-Kurdish party increased its representation from 20 to more than 30 seats.
Observers say the election has served to underline the increasing power of Turkey's Kurdish rights movement. The Kurdish rights issue is predicted to be one of most important and contentious aspects of any new constitution. While the prime minister still has a massive parliamentary majority of more than 100 seats, he will now have to seek support from at least another party to pass a new constitution.
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North and South Sudan are reported close to an agreement on removing all military forces from the disputed Abyei region and deploying peacekeeping troops in the tense border area. A deal is expected Monday in Addis Ababa, where Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir and Southern leader Salva Kiir are holding talks.
Sources close to Sunday's top-level meeting say President Bashir agreed to a complete pullout of northern troops who swept into Abyei last month. The lightning action forced tens of thousands of civilians to flee.
Chief mediator at the six-hour session, former South African President Thabo Mbeki, says the troop withdrawal is part of a package that includes deployment of Ethiopian peacekeepers along the undefined border. "This is a discussion about all of these matters, which constitute an integrated package - withdrawal of troops, the administration of Abyei, the possible deployment of Ethiopian troops, the political and security mechanism and its relevance to the border areas and all of these issues are being discussed," he said.
Diplomats involved in brokering the deal tell VOA the troop pullout would be completed before South Sudan secedes from the north July 9. They say Ethiopia has agreed to a request from both sides to supply two battalions of peacekeeping troops in the area around the undefined border.
A military expert said two battalions would be about 1,000 soldiers.
The peacekeepers would be deployed under a United Nations Security Council mandate. An Ethiopian diplomat who spoke on condition of anonymity said the units to be sent have already been identified and could be in place within weeks.
U.N. special envoy to Sudan Haile Menkerios said the Security Council is due to meet Monday to consider the matter.
Chief mediator Mbeki suggested an agreement between President Bashir and Southern leader Kiir could be settled in time for the Security Council meeting. "The principals are very determined. They understand the urgency of the matters, and they want to conclude the matter in a way that would address all of these matters, so that's what's informing their approach. A solution needs to be found as urgently as possible, and therefore let's continue to engage until we find it," he said.
The expected deal comes as U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton is due to arrive in Addis Ababa Monday. Secretary Clinton's schedule includes talks with Southern Sudanese leader Kiir and possibly with Sudanese Vice-President Ali Osman Taha. She will not meet, however, with President Bashir, who is under an International Criminal Court war crimes indictment.
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Egyptian Foreign Minister Nabil al-Arabi has announced his country's support of French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde's bid to lead the International Monetary Fund.
Arabi made the announcement Sunday in Cairo following meetings with Lagarde, who is in Egypt as part of a visit to the region to shore up support for her candidacy.
The post became vacant in May after former chief Dominique Strauss-Kahn resigned to fight sexual assault charges in New York.
Lagarde is widely expected to become the next IMF head. The position traditionally has gone to a European, but the Strauss-Kahn resignation has brought calls for the next chief to be from a non-EU country.
Other strong candidates include Mexican Central Bank Governor Agustin Carstens and Bank of Israel Governor Stanley Fischer, who announced his bid on Saturday.
The 24-member IMF board, of which Egypt is a part, is expected to announce the candidates for its top post by June 17. The final selection will be made by June 30.
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A recent rise in the U.S. unemployment rate has rekindled debate on America's slow-growth economy and what can be done to spark expansion and create badly-needed jobs.
Historically, U.S. economic recoveries have gained momentum over time. But a year and a half after emerging from the deepest recession of the post-World War II era, the U.S. economy is expanding, but only barely so. And even that anemic growth could be faltering.
News that the nation's unemployment rate shot up above nine percent last month intensified economists' fears that tepid economic performance could persist for years to come.
According to Robert Reich, who served as Labor Secretary during the Clinton administration, America's lackluster economy is easy to explain.
"The central problem is on the demand side. Seventy percent of the U.S. economy is consumers [consumer activity]. And consumers are hit with the equivalent of a truck," he said. "Housing prices are dropping like mad. Wages adjusted for inflation are dropping. Their jobs are disappearing. Under these circumstances, consumers are not spending. And if they are not spending, then jobs are not going to be created."
Reich spoke on ABC's This Week program. He advocated additional federal stimulus to spur economic activity.
Republican Senator Richard Shelby of Alabama sharply disagreed.
"Stimulus basically does not work. We have tried that," said Shelby. "I think what we have got to do is create the conditions [for economic growth]: tax reform, incentives for manufacturing. The market grows the economy. We have grown the government, but we have not grown the economy."
But former Labor Secretary Reich insisted that, when the private sector is lagging, the government should intervene.
"When consumers and private investors are pulling in [withholding spending], then government has got to fill the gap," said Reich. " We have done this for the last 75 years."
Under President Barack Obama, an $800-billion federal stimulus package has been approved, income tax cuts have been extended, and the amount of money taken from workers' paychecks to fund Social Security for retirees has been temporarily reduced. In addition, the U.S. central bank has kept interest rates at historically-low levels and sought ways to pump money into the ailing economy.
Senator Shelby says there is only so much a heavily-indebted federal government can or should do, and that a new stimulus package, if proposed, would not pass Congress.
"What we need to do is create some certainty, some conditions for people to invest, to grow [the economy], to have some confidence," he said. "There is not a lot of confidence in the economy right now."
President Obama has urged patience, arguing that the economy needs time to heal from a deep recession and the 2008 financial crisis. Republican presidential hopefuls vying to challenge Obama in next year's election have been quick to proclaim that what is truly needed is new economic leadership.
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A Southern African Development Community summit in Johannesburg is considering Zimbabwe's progress towards free and fair elections. Although the summit shows there is growing regional solidarity on Zimbabwe, insiders are concerned President Robert Mugabe will ignore SADC recommendations to achieve free and fair elections some time before March 2013.
During the lead-up to the summit on Zimbabwe, there were demonstrations around the convention center in Johannesburg's plush Sandton suburb as all parties tried to advance their views.
At the same time, Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe's Zanu-PF embarked on an energetic campaign to present its views on the implementation of the multi-party political agreement that brought the unity government to power in February 2009.
During interviews with South African media and in leaflets distributed to all summit delegates, the party said the Southern African Development Community had "deliberately" chosen to ignore Zanu-PF input. It said SADC leaders had chosen to only consider what it called "misleading" information from Zimbabwe's majority party, the Movement for Democratic Change.
Although human-rights monitors say much of the recent political violence in Zimbabwe has been caused by Zanu-PF supporters, the president's party blamed the Movement for Democratic Change.
At a news conference before the summit, MDC spokesman Jameson Timba called for security sector reform because Zimbabwe's security forces remain under Zanu-PF control. He said this is one of the reasons the Zanu-PF call for elections this year is improper.
"Total disregard for the Global Political Agreement. The machinery and factors impeding progress to peace and security remain in tact making nonsense of any call for an election."
On the sidelines of the summit, the Zimbabwe group Lawyers for Human Rights produced statistics saying that more than 500 mainly MDC supporters have been arrested since January. A further 300 MDC supporters sought assistance from the rights lawyers when they claimed they were harassed or attacked by Zanu-PF or the police.
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A Palestinian unity agreement signed with much fanfare last month has run into trouble.
The Islamic militant group Hamas has rejected the rival Fatah faction's nominee for prime minister, threatening a delicate reconciliation agreement signed six weeks ago in Cairo. The unity deal is aimed at reconciling rival Palestinian governments: Hamas rules the Gaza Strip while Fatah heads the more moderate Palestinian Authority in the West Bank.
Hamas spokesman Sami Abu Zuhri made a terse statement after Fatah nominated the current prime minister of the Palestinian Authority, Salam Fayyad.
Abu Zuhri said Hamas has informed Fatah that the nomination of Fayyad is unacceptable.
Hamas officials say Fayyad cannot head a unity government because he cooperated with Israel's blockade on Gaza and shared responsibility for the arrest of Hamas leaders in the West Bank.
Fatah says Fayyad is an excellent nominee because he is a moderate who is acceptable to the United States, European Union and Israel, which consider Hamas a terrorist organization. Senior Fatah official Nabil Shaath says the infighting is counter-productive and harms Palestinian interests.
"I wish that Hamas or our people refrain from public debate about names. You can have a public debate about politics, but about names it makes things more difficult."
The dispute has serious implications for the Palestinians. Fayyad has promised to keep Western donor money from reaching Hamas, but without those guarantees, hundreds of millions of dollars in foreign aid could be suspended.
In addition, the Palestinian Authority intends to seek United Nations recognition of a Palestinian state in September, but without a unified front, that plan could be in jeopardy.
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Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi's government is being tested again as Italians cast votes in four referendums, including one that would end plans to restart the country's nuclear energy program.
The two-day referendums began Sunday. The most emotive issue concerns Berlusconi's plan to restart nuclear power plants, which he proposed last year but then put on hold following the nuclear disaster at Japan's Fukushima plant in March. Italy's nuclear plants were shut down in 1987 after a similar referendum.
Opinion polls say the majority of Italians are against nuclear energy, but in order for the referendum to be valid, more than 50 percent of eligible voters must cast ballots.
In a second referendum, voters will decide whether to reject a law exempting government ministers from attending trials against them. Two other referendums involve plans to privatize Italy's water utilities.
For some, the referendums will be a way for voters to express their disappointment at Berlusconi, whose government is stinging from heavy losses in local elections last month. The Italian leader is a defendant in several ongoing trials for fraud as well as for allegedly having sex with a 17-year old prostitute.
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Vietnamese authorities have permitted a new protest against China in Hanoi as a maritime dispute between the two countries escalates.
About 100 people gathered Sunday in Hanoi, waving Vietnamese flags and shouting anti-China slogans. The protesters were surrounded by riot police and security personnel and dispersed peacefully after about half an hour. The demonstrators were also allowed to march through the streets of the Vietnamese capital.
Another protest took place in Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon) in the south of the country. Public demonstrations are rare in communist Vietnam. But this is the second straight Sunday that the Vietnamese have demonstrated against China, after Hanoi lodged a protest with Biejing about China's alleged violation of Vietnam's sovereignty in the South China Sea. The demonstrations took place ahead of live-fire naval exercises that the Vietnamese Foreign Ministry said will take place Monday off the central coast.
At issue is an area around uninhabited Paracel and Spratley islands in the South China Sea, which is believed to be rich in oil and gas reserves.
China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei and Taiwan all claim South China Sea territories.
Taiwan's defense ministry said it is planning to send reinforcements to support the lightly armed coast guards on the disputed islands.
The Philippines also has accused China of trespassing in its territorial waters in the disputed region. But the government last week expressed hope that the dispute can be settled peacefully.
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Diplomatic efforts are underway in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, beginning with a crucial meeting of the leaders of North and South Sudan. US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton is due to arrive just as the summit ends.
Sudan's President Omar Hassan al-Bashir and South Sudan's soon-to-be head of state Salva Kiir will hold critical talks mediated by former South African president Thabo Mbeki. That summit will be followed by a two-day visit from Secretary of State Clinton.
Diplomats Sunday said the two events might overlap, depending on how long the Sudan talks carry on.
An African Union statement said the Sudan summit agenda would include the withdrawal of armed forces from the disputed Abyei region as well as the dispatch of an African-led international mission.
Amid word of fighting along the undefined North-South border, the two leaders are making a formal request to Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi to send a peacekeeping mission. Diplomats involved in the negotiations say the peacekeepers would be sent under a United Nations Security Council mandate.
U.S. special envoy to Sudan Princeton Lyman told VOA the Ethiopian prime minister, who is hosting the talks, has been playing a key role in efforts to ease north-south tensions.
"Prime Minister Meles has been extremely helpful in advising Sudanese, advising mediators, advising everyone on the situation, lending his good offices to support negotiations, and he recently offered to help with security in Abyei provided both sides really want Ethiopia's participation."
Ambassador Lyman said the Addis Ababa summit presents a unique opportunity for north and south to settle several potentially explosive disputes before they split into two countries next month.
"On July 9th the south will become independent. There's nothing really going to stop that. Then the two will be negotiating as two different countries, but what are they going to do with oil on July 10 if they haven't negotiated an oil agreement by July 9? Things on the border, if they haven't resolved some of these issues, will remain very tense. So instead of having a cooperative relationship between two countries, you'll have a very tense and threatening one."
The Sudan summit is due to end Monday, just as U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton arrives in Addis Ababa to deliver a foreign policy address at African Union headquarters. Secretary Clinton is also scheduled to hold high-level talks on Sudan, but will not meet President Bashir, who has been indicted for war crimes by the International Criminal Court.
The U.S. foreign policy chief is expected to hold meetings with South Sudan's President Kiir, and possibly Sudanese Vice President Ali Osman Taha.
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Russia has expressed concern about a U.S. warship just off its shores in the Black Sea.
The guided-missile cruiser USS Monterey is taking part in annual joint military exercises conducted by NATO and Ukraine.
Russia's Foreign Ministry issued a statement Sunday saying Moscow has repeatedly stressed that any elements of the U.S. strategic infrastructure in the immediate vicinity of Russia will be considered a security threat.
The statement comes after Russia and the West failed last week to reach an agreement on a missile shield project for Europe.
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Forces loyal to Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi have hammered rebels in the west with heavy weapons, as separate fighting creeps toward the capital, Tripoli.
Reporters at the frontline near the rebel-held western town of Zintan say government forces launched rockets during intense fighting Sunday. Elsewhere, rebels say clashes killed at least six at Dafniya, just west of rebel-held Misrata.
In Zawiyah, 50 kilometers west of Tripoli, Libyan rebels regrouped and clashed with pro-Gadhafi forces weeks after troops had forced the rebels' retreat. A highway that serves as a major supply route between Tripoli and Tunisia was closed as a result of the fighting. A rebel fighter said troops have killed several of his comrades since fighting began Saturday, with government forces getting reinforcements.
Rebels briefly took control of Zawiyah in March but were beaten back by pro-Gadhafi forces.
If the rebels are able to take control of Zawiyah and other towns nearby, they could cut off Tripoli's already-meager supply line. A naval blockade and NATO airstrikes have left the capital largely isolated.
Late Saturday, western news reports said loud blasts from apparent NATO airstrikes rocked the Libyan capital.
Pro-government forces also have shelled the western town of Zlitan as well as the rebel-held city of Misrata, where medical officials say at least 30 people were killed on Friday.
U.S. officials traveling with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in Africa say Libya's situation will feature prominently in her remarks Tuesday at an African Union meeting in Ethiopia.
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U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton says the death of a man suspected of organizing the 1998 bombings of American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania is a significant blow to al-Qaida.
Secretary Clinton says Harun Fazul's death is "a significant blow to al-Qaida, its extremist allies, and its operations in East Africa." After laying flowers at a memorial for the 12 Tanzanians killed here in Dar es Salaam, Clinton spoke to a small gathering of embassy staff. "Some of you lost your friends and loved ones, and all Americans grieved with you then, and we have not forgotten your losses. And we have also not forgotten our pledge to seek justice against those who would commit such atrocities," she said.
Clinton says al-Qaida suffered a major setback last month with the death of Osma bin Laden and has now suffered another significant blow with Harun Fazul's death in Somalia. "He was actually one of the men, if not the leader, of those responsible for the attacks on this embassy and the bombing of our embassy in Nairobi and many other despicable acts that killed hundreds and wounded thousands of people - Tanzanians, Kenyans, Somali, and our own embassy personnel," she said.
Clinton says nothing can replace those killed by what she calls "such senseless violence," but she says she knows justice was served and hopes that gives some measure of comfort.
Somali authorities say the man believed to be al-Qaida's leader in East Africa, who is also known as Fazul Mohammed, was killed during a confrontation with police in Mogadishu. The police say he was carrying thousands of dollars in cash and multiple identity documents, including a suspicious South African passport.
Because of his suspected involvement in the Nairobi and Dar es Salaam bombings, the United States offered a $5-million reward for his capture.
President Obama's assistant for homeland security and counterterrorism, John Brennan, says the death is a measure of justice to so many who lost loved ones because of his actions. Brennan says the Obama administration commends the efforts of Somali government forces, "whose actions against Fazul struck a significant blow against those in the region seeking to carry out terrorist attacks."
The bombing of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania 13 years ago killed 224 people and wounded nearly 5,000 others. Bombs exploded in the two capitals minutes apart, without advance warning, and security officials quickly determined the coordinated attack was carried out by the al-Qaida network.
Four men involved in the attacks were convicted in the United States and sentenced to life in prison, but U.S. authorities were still actively seeking Fazul Mohammed and other suspects.
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